交易心理

交易中最大的敌人就是你自己。只有当你学会控制自己的情绪，成功才会到来。埃德温•勒菲弗《股票作手回忆录》（1923年）提到的建议在今天仍然适用。

1. 谨慎

兴奋（害怕错失入场机会）经常诱使我们在趋势确认前提前交易。在下降的大趋势中，在成功反转之前，可能出现一系列的多空对峙（不断的反转失败）。同样的，盈利带来的愉悦感通常会使我们不能及时的发觉趋势的反转。

2. 耐心

只交易时机到来之前，静等入场机会。有时候持场外观望的态度是更加明智的。

3. 确认

对自己的判断要有信心。当你看到趋势正在减弱，采取措施保护你的盈利，而不能让害怕影响你的判断力。趋势很有可能将继续攀升。

4. 超然

把注意力放在技术领域而不是时刻关注着资金损益。如果你的交易是建立在正确的技术分析之上，那么盈利是迟早的事。不要让自己的情绪被市场波动牵制，也不要因为短期的盈利而兴奋。如果你持续几个小时紧盯屏幕并不断的关注价格走势，那么只能说明你对自己的交易策略没有信心，这很有可能让你遭受损失。

5. 关注

关注较大的时间框架，不要试图去抓住每一个短期的价格波动。盈利最多的单子都是跟随着大趋势。

6. 意外随时都会发生

投资涉及可能性——而不是确定性。没有人可以一直准确的预测市场走势。避免赌徒逻辑。

7. 盈利总体上升而不是下降

如果你在价格走势不利于你时加仓，那么你就很有可能扩大自己的损失。价格一旦确认向哪一方移动，就很有可能继续下去。只有当市场确认你做单方向之后再逐渐加仓。

8. 限制你的损失

利用止损保护你的资金。当止损被触发，要毫不犹豫的平仓离开。你所犯的最大错误就是一直持有亏损单子，并希望价格回升。通常，股价下降之后就很难再回到你所期待的水平。最终，等待你的只有爆仓（强制性的抽走你的资金）。

人性本来就是这样：大部分投资者开始时忽略了这些规则。这会是他们学到的一个昂贵的教训。控制你的情绪，不要让随波主流。做出与技术分析一致的决定。

Trading Psychology
Your biggest enemy, when trading, is within yourself. Success will only come when you learn to control your emotions. Edwin Lefevre's Reminiscences of a Stock Operator (1923) offers advice that still applies today.
1. Caution
Excitement (and fear of missing an opportunity) often persuade us to enter the market before it is safe to do so. After a down-trend a number of rallies may fail before one eventually carries through. Likewise, the emotional high of a profitable trade may blind us to signs that the trend is reversing.
2. Patience
Wait for the right market conditions before trading. There are times when it is wise to stay out of the market and observe from the sidelines.
3. Conviction
Have the courage of your convictions: Take steps to protect your profits when you see that a trend is weakening, but sit tight and don't let fear of losing part of your profit cloud your judgment. There is a good chance that the trend will resume its upward climb.
4. Detachment
Concentrate on the technical aspects rather than on the money. If your trades are technically correct, the profits will follow.

Stay emotionally detached from the market. Avoid getting caught up in the short-term excitement. Screen-watching is a tell-tale sign: if you continually check prices or stare at charts for hours it is a sign that you are unsure of your strategy and are likely to suffer losses.
5. Focus
Focus on the longer time frames and do not try to catch every short-term fluctuation. The most profitable trades are in catching the large trends.
6. Expect the unexpected
Investing involves dealing with probabilities — not certainties. No one can predict the market correctly every time. Avoid gamblers' logic.
7. Average up - not down
If you increase your position when price goes against you, you are liable to compound your losses. When price starts to move it is likely to continue in that direction. Rather increase your exposure when the market proves you right and moves in your favor.
8. Limit your losses
Use stop-losses to protect your funds. When the stop loss is triggered, act immediately — don't hesitate.

The biggest mistake you can make is to hold on to falling stocks, hoping for a recovery. Falling stocks have a habit of declining way below what you expected them to. Eventually you are forced to sell, decimating your capital.
Human nature being what it is, most traders and investors ignore these rules when they first start out. It can be an expensive lesson.
Control your emotions and avoid being swept along with the crowd. Make consistent decisions based on sound technical analysis.

本文翻译由兄弟财经提供

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