平滑异同平均线

交易员观察两条移动平均线之间关系使用最普遍的技术指标是平滑异同平均线（MACD）。它通常由12天指数移动平均数减去26天指数平均数得来。当MACD价值是积极的时候，短期移动平均线在长期的之上。而消极时则正相反，这表明当前的动量处于下跌方向。许多交易员也会观察在基准线上下的移动，因为在基准线时两个移动平均线发出的信号相同。向基准线之上的移动被认为是买入信号，向下则为卖出信号。

 

信号线/触发线

移动平均线不仅仅对股票有效，可以用于处理任何形式的频繁数据变化。甚至可以把移动平均线作为技术指标，例如在MACD中。比如MACD中一个有九个时间周期的指数移动平均线被增加到下图中以便形成交易信号。要注意不管使用什么指标，信号线上的信号都会是一个方式，不同的只是选用创建它的时间周期。

 

布林线技术指标和移动平均包络线相同，但是不同是外部布林线是怎样创建的。这个指标通常从一个简单移动平均线设置两个标准差。通常，向上部布林线移动经常意味这个资产将会被超买，向下部布林线移动则意味将会被超卖。由于标准差被用于测量波动性，这个指标能自己适应市场环境。紧凑的布林线被交易员认为是整体波动增加将会出现价格剧烈变动的早期信号。

 

 

Moving Averages: Different Flavors

 

ByCasey Murphy, Senior Analyst,ChartAdvisor.com

 

Most of the methods in which moving averages are used in trading have been addressed within this tutorial, but this tool has also been used in the development of other indicators. In this section, we will give you a basic introduction to a couple of these indicators, but most will require further study if you want to incorporate them into your strategy.

 

Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD)

One of the most popular technical indicators, the moving average convergence divergence(MACD) is used by traders to monitor the relationship between two moving averages. It is generally calculated by subtracting a 26-day exponential moving average from a 12-day EMA. When the MACD has a positive value, the short-term average is located above the long-term average. As mentioned earlier, this stacking order of the averages is an indication of upward momentum. A negative value occurs when the short-term average is below the long-term average - a sign that the current momentum is in the downward direction. Many traders will also watch for a move above or below the zero line because this signals the position where the two averages are equal (crossover strategy applies here). A move above zero would be used as a buy sign, while a cross below zero can be used as a sell signal. 

 

Signal/Trigger Line

Moving averages aren't limited to just stock prices; MAs can be created for any form of data that changes frequently. It is even possible to take a moving average of a technical indicator such as the MACD. For example, a nine-period EMA of the MACD values is added to the chart in Figure 1 in an attempt to form transaction signals. As you can see, buy signals are generated when the value of the indicator crosses above the signal line (dotted line), while short signals are generated from a cross below the signal line. It is important to note that regardless of the indicator being used, a move beyond a signal line is interpreted in the same manner; the only thing that varies is the number of time periods used to create it.

 

Bollinger Band

A Bollinger Band technical indicator looks similar to the moving average envelope, but differs in how the outer bands are created. The bands of this indicator are generally placed two standard deviations away from a simple moving average. In general, a move toward the upper band can often suggest that the asset is becoming overbought, while a move close to the lower band can suggest the asset is becoming oversold. Since standard deviation is used as a statistical measure of volatility, this indicator adjusts itself to market conditions. The tightening of the bands is often used by traders as an early indication that overall volatility may be about to increase and that a trader may want to wait for a sharp price move. 

 

本文翻译由兄弟财经提供

文章来源：http://www.investopedia.com/university/movingaverage/movingaverages5.asp