Natasa Milas  2016年9月7日

 日内交易是一种相当有争议的活动，是一种快速变化仓位的进进出出策略。日内交易者不被当作投资者，而是投机者。他们在以一天为周期的时间内买卖股票。日内交易者的主要目标是从一天的小规模价格波动中获利。作为日内交易者谋生需要大量的教育和经验，以及运气。

我们当中的很多人都曾设想成为日内交易者并以此赚钱。这听起来是个不错的小工作，因为一旦成功将给我们带来财富。但是做白日梦和日内交易是完全不同的两回事。无经验的日内交易者可以成功吗？有没有学校或者在线课程能帮助日内交易呢？

日内交易的残酷现实

Korving & Company的理财顾问Arie Korving把日内交易看成赌博。“如果目的是赚钱的话日内交易不是个好想法，”他说，“这是赌博，这个活动使你的肾上腺素激增但是实际上会浪费你的钱。”

同样，理财顾问James B. Twining也建议不要进行任何日内交易的重大尝试。他认为日内交易是一种娱乐。“如果你决定进行日内交易，我会把那看成一种娱乐，”他进一步警告说“把钱投入到日内交易并不是一件十分愉悦的事”。

因为与赌博类似，你做很大的梦并且有时会获利，但是最终你注定会损失更多。是的，更多的日内交易知识和经验可能会有所帮助，但是你能变得比系统更聪明而赚钱吗？有许多的在线学校提供帮助使你成为更好的日内交易者。其中包括当Day Trading Academy、School of Trade、Maverick FX和Trading Advantage。虽然这些学院能传授你交易的基本知识，但是他们不能给你通向成功交易的钥匙。

WealthShape的理财顾问Timothy Baker说：“我通常会对那些出售成为获利日内交易者方法的公司产生怀疑。毕竟，如果他们真的有产生更好结果的公式，把公式传授给他人将会使它价值降低，因为所有人都会使用。”

Korving同样指出：“只有那些使用这一计划获利的人才是唯一能传授你这种交易机制的学校”。

神奇公式不存在

这里有几个原因能说明成为日内交易者的复杂程度和你不能在那些承诺传授神奇公式的学校学习到的原因。 Baker说：“日内交易是一个高度投机的活动，使你和数以百万计寻求从基本面错误定价和技术分析中获利的其他市场参与者站在对立面。为了成功，你需要相信你知道一些数百万人都不了解的东西。为了论证，我们假设你的设想成立。你根据信息在所有人都开始行动之前采取行动的几率是多大呢？新闻以毫秒的速度传播使得很小的错误定价都能很快被消除。

再次用赌博作为类比，Twining警告日内交易是因为“日内交易者交易股票赚钱是基于他们对未来价格运动的预测”他说。“问题是没人能预测价格运动。日内交易与赌博非常类似，日内交易者的庄家赔率就是交易成本。与许多赌博者类似，大多数日内交易者最终都会赔钱。”

积极的一面是，如果你真的对投资、了解资本市场和它的运作方式感兴趣，并且真的想要从交易中获利，金融顾问建议你成为一个投资者而不是日内交易者。Twining说：“想要持续获利，我得建议是成为一个投资者，而不是日内交易者，因为投资者不会通过交易赚钱，而是通过持有赚钱公司的股票。一个长期持有的广泛多样股票投资组合几乎肯定会升值。”

Some Cautionary Advice for the Novice Day Trader

By Natasa Milas | September 7, 2016 — 11:15 AM EDT

Day trading is a rather controversial activity, a sort of a slip and slide strategy that involves moving your position quickly. Day traders are not considered investors but speculators. They buy and sell the same stock within the duration of one day. The main objective of a day trader is to profit from small price movements in stocks during a single day. To make a living as a day trader takes a tremendous amount of education and experience — and luck.

Many of us have on one occasion or another day dreamed about becoming day traders and making some extra cash on the side. Sounds like a nice little job that may eventually bring us fortune once we get successful at it. But bridging day dreaming and day trading is another thing altogether. How successful can a non-experienced day trader be? Are there any schools or online courses that can help teach day trading?

The Harsh Truth About Day Trading

Arie Korving, a financial advisor with Korving & Company in Suffolk, Va., compares day trading with gambling. “Day trading is not a good idea if the purpose is to make money," he said. "It is gambling, an activity that provides an adrenalin rush but is virtually assured of costing you money.”

Likewise James B. Twining, a financial advisor with Financial Plan in Bellingham, Wash., advised against any serious attempt at day trading. He considers day trading a form of entertainment. “If you decide to day trade, I would do it as entertainment,” he said, further cautioning that “it is not so entertaining to throw money away on day trading.”

As it goes with gambling, you dream big and you may win sometimes, but eventually you are bound to lose more. Yes, more experience and more knowledge about trading may help, but can you learn how to outsmart the system and make money? There are many online schools offering to help you become a better day trader. Among them are Day Trading Academy, School of Trade, Maverick FX, and Trading Advantage. While these schools may teach you the basics of trading, chances are they will not sell you a key to successful trading.

Timothy Baker, a financial advisor with WealthShape in Manchester, Conn., said, "I tend to be skeptical of any company selling their methodology on becoming a profitable day trader. After all, if they truly had a formula that produced superior results, it would stand to reason that teaching it to others would only diminish its value because everyone would use it.” 

Korving similarly noted that “the only people who make money with this scheme are the 'schools' who will teach you the mechanics of trading.”

There Is No Magic Formula

Here are a few reasons that it is so complicated to be a day trader and why you cannot learn it at a school that promises to teach you a magic formula. Said Baker: “Day trading is a highly speculative endeavor that pits you against millions of other market participants seeking to profit from fundamental mispricings or technical analysis. In order to be successful, you would have to believe that you knew something that millions of others didn’t. For arguments sake, let's suggest that you did. What are the chances that you will be able to act on that information prior to everyone else? News travels in milliseconds and even small mispricings can be arbitraged away very quickly.”

Again, using an analogy with gambling, Twining warned against day trading because “day traders make money by trading securities based upon their forecasts of future price movement," he said. "The trouble is that no one can predict future price movements. Day trading is quite akin to gambling, including the ‘house odds,’ which for the day trader are the costs of trading. Most day traders lose money over time, just as most gamblers do.”

On a positive side, if you are really interested in investing, learning about capital markets and how they operate — and you really want to be profitable — financial advisors suggest becoming an investor rather than a day trader. Said Twining, “to be consistently profitable, my advice is to be an investor, not a day-trader because an investor does not make money by trading, but rather by owning profitable companies. A widely diversified portfolio of equity securities held over long time periods is almost certain to increase in value.” 

本文翻译由兄弟财经提供

文章来源：http://www.investopedia.com/articles/trading/090716/some-cautionary-advice-novice-day-trader.asp